In plain words: Small neural networks stacked in parallel compare a passage, question, and answer at several scales, from words to whole sentences, instead of hand-designed features. On a question-answering test with little training data, it beat earlier neural systems by over 15% and edged past feature-based ones.
Abstract
Understanding unstructured text is a major goal within natural language processing. Comprehension tests pose questions based on short text passages to evaluate such understanding. In this work, we investigate machine comprehension on the challenging {\it MCTest} benchmark. Partly because of its limited size, prior work on {\it MCTest} has focused mainly on engineering better features. We tackle the dataset with a neural approach, harnessing simple neural networks arranged in a parallel hierarchy. The parallel hierarchy enables our model to compare the passage, question, and answer from a variety of trainable perspectives, as opposed to using a manually designed, rigid feature set. Perspectives range from the word level to sentence fragments to sequences of sentences; the networks operate only on word-embedding representations of text. When trained with a methodology designed to help cope with limited training data, our Parallel-Hierarchical model sets a new state of the art for {\it MCTest}, outperforming previous feature-engineered approaches slightly and previous neural approaches by a significant margin (over 15\% absolute).
Adam Trischler, Zheng Ye, Xingdi Yuan, Jing He, Phillip Bachman, Kaheer Suleman
arXiv:1603.08884 · cs.CL · submitted Mar 29, 2016
abstract · pdf · html · 9 pages, submitted to ACL