In plain words: If a sensor or bug reports the wrong reward, a learning agent can chase spots that look rewarding but aren't. Standard training fails even in easy cases, while extra human-labeled data can fix systematic errors and deliberately dulling the agent's drive helps only partly.
Abstract
No real-world reward function is perfect. Sensory errors and software bugs may result in RL agents observing higher (or lower) rewards than they should. For example, a reinforcement learning agent may prefer states where a sensory error gives it the maximum reward, but where the true reward is actually small. We formalise this problem as a generalised Markov Decision Problem called Corrupt Reward MDP. Traditional RL methods fare poorly in CRMDPs, even under strong simplifying assumptions and when trying to compensate for the possibly corrupt rewards. Two ways around the problem are investigated. First, by giving the agent richer data, such as in inverse reinforcement learning and semi-supervised reinforcement learning, reward corruption stemming from systematic sensory errors may sometimes be completely managed. Second, by using randomisation to blunt the agent's optimisation, reward corruption can be partially managed under some assumptions.
Tom Everitt, Victoria Krakovna, Laurent Orseau, Marcus Hutter, Shane Legg
arXiv:1705.08417 · cs.AI, cs.LG, stat.ML · submitted May 23, 2017 · updated Aug 19, 2017
abstract · pdf · html · A shorter version of this report was accepted to IJCAI 2017 AI and Autonomy track