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Natural TTS Synthesis by Conditioning WaveNet on Mel Spectrogram Predictions (arxiv.org)
2 points by edejong on Jan 1, 2018 | hide | past | pdf | 1 comment on HN

In plain words: It reads text and predicts a mel spectrogram—a picture of sound frequencies—then a second network turns that picture into a spoken waveform. Listeners rated the speech 4.53 out of 5 for naturalness, almost the 4.58 scored by professional recordings.

Abstract

This paper describes Tacotron 2, a neural network architecture for speech synthesis directly from text. The system is composed of a recurrent sequence-to-sequence feature prediction network that maps character embeddings to mel-scale spectrograms, followed by a modified WaveNet model acting as a vocoder to synthesize timedomain waveforms from those spectrograms. Our model achieves a mean opinion score (MOS) of $4.53$ comparable to a MOS of $4.58$ for professionally recorded speech. To validate our design choices, we present ablation studies of key components of our system and evaluate the impact of using mel spectrograms as the input to WaveNet instead of linguistic, duration, and $F_0$ features. We further demonstrate that using a compact acoustic intermediate representation enables significant simplification of the WaveNet architecture.

Jonathan Shen, Ruoming Pang, Ron J. Weiss, Mike Schuster, Navdeep Jaitly, Zongheng Yang, Zhifeng Chen, Yu Zhang, Yuxuan Wang, RJ Skerry-Ryan, Rif A. Saurous, Yannis Agiomyrgiannakis, et al.
arXiv:1712.05884 · cs.CL · submitted Dec 16, 2017 · updated Feb 16, 2018
abstract · pdf · html · Accepted to ICASSP 2018

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The audio samples [1] of this paper are very interesting.

[1] https://google.github.io/tacotron/publications/tacotron2/ind...