In plain words: Many questions that seem to need several reasoning steps can be answered in one, because the answer's type or repeated facts give it away. A one-step model scored 67 out of 100, matching multi-hop systems, and people still answered over 80% without all needed paragraphs.
Abstract · Compositional Questions Do Not Necessitate Multi-hop Reasoning
Multi-hop reading comprehension (RC) questions are challenging because they require reading and reasoning over multiple paragraphs. We argue that it can be difficult to construct large multi-hop RC datasets. For example, even highly compositional questions can be answered with a single hop if they target specific entity types, or the facts needed to answer them are redundant. Our analysis is centered on HotpotQA, where we show that single-hop reasoning can solve much more of the dataset than previously thought. We introduce a single-hop BERT-based RC model that achieves 67 F1---comparable to state-of-the-art multi-hop models. We also design an evaluation setting where humans are not shown all of the necessary paragraphs for the intended multi-hop reasoning but can still answer over 80% of questions. Together with detailed error analysis, these results suggest there should be an increasing focus on the role of evidence in multi-hop reasoning and possibly even a shift towards information retrieval style evaluations with large and diverse evidence collections.
Sewon Min, Eric Wallace, Sameer Singh, Matt Gardner, Hannaneh Hajishirzi, Luke Zettlemoyer
arXiv:1906.02900 · cs.CL, cs.AI · submitted Jun 7, 2019
abstract · pdf · html · Published as a conference paper at ACL 2019 (short). Code available at https://github.com/shmsw25/single-hop-rc