In plain words: K-means grouping is rewritten as fitting a low-detail copy of the data table, turning the goal of keeping points near their group centers into a matrix-fitting formula. The two problems are exactly the same, so tools for matrix fitting can be used for clustering.
Abstract · k-Means Clustering Is Matrix Factorization
We show that the objective function of conventional k-means clustering can be expressed as the Frobenius norm of the difference of a data matrix and a low rank approximation of that data matrix. In short, we show that k-means clustering is a matrix factorization problem. These notes are meant as a reference and intended to provide a guided tour towards a result that is often mentioned but seldom made explicit in the literature.
Christian Bauckhage
arXiv:1512.07548 · stat.ML · submitted Dec 23, 2015
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