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Cold Diffusion: Inverting Arbitrary Image Transforms Without Noise (arxiv.org)
3 points by BachToTheFuture on Aug 29, 2022 | hide | past | pdf | 1 comment on HN

In plain words: Image generators usually learn by slowly undoing random noise added to pictures. The same recipe works with plain, non-random damage like blur or masking, still producing good images and suggesting noise is not what makes these generators work.

Abstract

Standard diffusion models involve an image transform -- adding Gaussian noise -- and an image restoration operator that inverts this degradation. We observe that the generative behavior of diffusion models is not strongly dependent on the choice of image degradation, and in fact an entire family of generative models can be constructed by varying this choice. Even when using completely deterministic degradations (e.g., blur, masking, and more), the training and test-time update rules that underlie diffusion models can be easily generalized to create generative models. The success of these fully deterministic models calls into question the community's understanding of diffusion models, which relies on noise in either gradient Langevin dynamics or variational inference, and paves the way for generalized diffusion models that invert arbitrary processes. Our code is available at https://github.com/arpitbansal297/Cold-Diffusion-Models

Arpit Bansal, Eitan Borgnia, Hong-Min Chu, Jie S. Li, Hamid Kazemi, Furong Huang, Micah Goldblum, Jonas Geiping, Tom Goldstein
arXiv:2208.09392 · cs.CV, cs.LG · submitted Aug 19, 2022
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Also discussed: Aug 2022 (9 points, 2 comments)

Interesting. After reading this, I suspect there must be some kind of universal principle at work when we iteratively degrade a sample x with severity t and then generate/recover x from the degraded state, again and again, decreasing t in each iteration -- as shown in Algorithm 2 of this paper.

Specifically, given that Algorithm 2 works for both non-deterministic and deterministic degradations (i.e., both with and without adding noise), I'm not sure we can properly call the process "diffusion" anymore. When the degradation is deterministic, there's no hot state, properly speaking, from which to anneal into a cold state.

If I understand this correctly, diffusion appears to be a special case of a more general iterative process. Or am I missing something here?