about
Training Compute-Optimal Large Language Models (arxiv.org)
3 points by zuhayeer on Sep 12, 2022 | hide | past | pdf | discuss on HN

In plain words: They trained 400+ language models at different sizes and data amounts to find the best split of a fixed training budget. The rule: double the training data whenever you double the model size — a 70-billion-parameter model with 4× more data beat a 280-billion one.

Abstract

We investigate the optimal model size and number of tokens for training a transformer language model under a given compute budget. We find that current large language models are significantly undertrained, a consequence of the recent focus on scaling language models whilst keeping the amount of training data constant. By training over 400 language models ranging from 70 million to over 16 billion parameters on 5 to 500 billion tokens, we find that for compute-optimal training, the model size and the number of training tokens should be scaled equally: for every doubling of model size the number of training tokens should also be doubled. We test this hypothesis by training a predicted compute-optimal model, Chinchilla, that uses the same compute budget as Gopher but with 70B parameters and 4$\times$ more more data. Chinchilla uniformly and significantly outperforms Gopher (280B), GPT-3 (175B), Jurassic-1 (178B), and Megatron-Turing NLG (530B) on a large range of downstream evaluation tasks. This also means that Chinchilla uses substantially less compute for fine-tuning and inference, greatly facilitating downstream usage. As a highlight, Chinchilla reaches a state-of-the-art average accuracy of 67.5% on the MMLU benchmark, greater than a 7% improvement over Gopher.

Jordan Hoffmann, Sebastian Borgeaud, Arthur Mensch, Elena Buchatskaya, Trevor Cai, Eliza Rutherford, Diego de Las Casas, Lisa Anne Hendricks, Johannes Welbl, Aidan Clark, Tom Hennigan, Eric Noland, et al.
arXiv:2203.15556 · cs.CL, cs.LG · submitted Mar 29, 2022
abstract · pdf · html

add comment on HN
Also discussed: Aug 2022 (1 point, 0 comments) · Apr 2022 (8 points, 0 comments) · Mar 2022 (5 points, 0 comments)