In plain words: A small model trained only on Excel formulas, using formula-aware word splitting and practice at filling in and fixing broken formulas, to help write them. With 60 million internal settings instead of billions, it beat larger code models in 10 of 14 repair and completion tests.
Abstract · FLAME: A small language model for spreadsheet formulas
Spreadsheets are a vital tool for end-user data management. Using large language models for formula authoring assistance in these environments can be difficult, as these models are expensive to train and challenging to deploy due to their size (up to billions of parameters). We present FLAME, a transformer-based model trained exclusively on Excel formulas that leverages domain insights to achieve competitive performance while being substantially smaller (60M parameters) and training on two orders of magnitude less data. We curate a training dataset using sketch deduplication, introduce an Excel-specific formula tokenizer, and use domain-specific versions of masked span prediction and noisy auto-encoding as pre-training objectives. We evaluate FLAME on formula repair, formula completion, and similarity-based formula retrieval. FLAME can outperform much larger models, such as the Davinci (175B) and Cushman (12B) variants of Codex and CodeT5 (220M), in 10 of 14 evaluation settings for the repair and completion tasks. For formula retrieval, FLAME outperforms CodeT5, CodeBERT, and GraphCodeBERT.
Harshit Joshi, Abishai Ebenezer, José Cambronero, Sumit Gulwani, Aditya Kanade, Vu Le, Ivan Radiček, Gust Verbruggen
arXiv:2301.13779 · cs.PL, cs.AI, cs.SE · submitted Jan 31, 2023 · updated Dec 19, 2023
abstract · pdf · html · Accepted to AAAI 2024