about
Grokking in Linear Estimators – A Solvable Model Groks Without Understanding (arxiv.org)
1 point by PaulHoule on Nov 7, 2023 | hide | past | pdf | 1 comment on HN

In plain words: A simple linear network on a straight-line task shows grokking: it masters the training examples long before its accuracy on new data improves. Exact math shows the jump can be a quirk of how accuracy is scored, not a switch from memorizing to understanding.

Abstract · Grokking in Linear Estimators -- A Solvable Model that Groks without Understanding

Grokking is the intriguing phenomenon where a model learns to generalize long after it has fit the training data. We show both analytically and numerically that grokking can surprisingly occur in linear networks performing linear tasks in a simple teacher-student setup with Gaussian inputs. In this setting, the full training dynamics is derived in terms of the training and generalization data covariance matrix. We present exact predictions on how the grokking time depends on input and output dimensionality, train sample size, regularization, and network initialization. We demonstrate that the sharp increase in generalization accuracy may not imply a transition from "memorization" to "understanding", but can simply be an artifact of the accuracy measure. We provide empirical verification for our calculations, along with preliminary results indicating that some predictions also hold for deeper networks, with non-linear activations.

Noam Levi, Alon Beck, Yohai Bar-Sinai
arXiv:2310.16441 · stat.ML, cond-mat.dis-nn, cs.LG, math-ph · submitted Oct 25, 2023
abstract · pdf · html · 17 pages, 6 figures

add comment on HN

> A Solvable Model Groks Without Understanding

What? But "grok" means "to understand at an intuitive level".