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Training LLMs to cite the pretraining data (arxiv.org)
1 point by mkhalifa on Jul 18, 2024 | hide | past | pdf | 1 comment on HN

In plain words: The model is trained to link each training document's unique ID with the facts inside it, then to name the supporting document when answering. On synthetic data it cited the right source faithfully, with text quality barely changed from standard training.

Abstract · Source-Aware Training Enables Knowledge Attribution in Language Models

Large language models (LLMs) learn a vast amount of knowledge during pretraining, but they are often oblivious to the source(s) of such knowledge. We investigate the problem of intrinsic source citation, where LLMs are required to cite the pretraining source supporting a generated response. Intrinsic source citation can enhance LLM transparency, interpretability, and verifiability. To give LLMs such ability, we explore source-aware training -- a recipe that involves (i) training the LLM to associate unique source document identifiers with the knowledge in each document, followed by (ii) an instruction-tuning stage to teach the LLM to cite a supporting pretraining source when prompted. Source-aware training borrows from existing pretraining/fine-tuning frameworks and requires minimal changes to the model architecture or implementation. Through experiments on synthetic data, we demonstrate that our training recipe can enable faithful attribution to the pretraining data without a substantial impact on the model's perplexity compared to standard pretraining. Our findings also highlight the importance of pretraining data augmentation in achieving attribution. Code and data available here: \url{https://github.com/mukhal/intrinsic-source-citation}

Muhammad Khalifa, David Wadden, Emma Strubell, Honglak Lee, Lu Wang, Iz Beltagy, Hao Peng
arXiv:2404.01019 · cs.CL, cs.AI · submitted Apr 1, 2024 · updated Aug 13, 2024
abstract · pdf · html · COLM '24

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This paper is about making LLMs better at saying where they got their information from. Normally, LLMs learn a lot of stuff during their training but don’t remember where they learned it. The researchers are working on a way to fix that by teaching the models to cite their sources. This can make the models more transparent, easier to understand, and more reliable. To do this, they modify pretraining to teach the model to link bits of knowledge to specific pretraining documents. After pretraining, they teach the model how to cite these documents when generating answers.

Code: https://github.com/mukhal/intrinsic-source-citation