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Can Large Language Models Unlock Novel Scientific Research Ideas? [pdf] (arxiv.org)
1 point by SerCe on Sep 13, 2024 | hide | past | pdf | discuss on HN

In plain words: They tested whether language models can turn a paper into future research ideas, and made two automatic scores to judge them instead of slow expert reviews. Expert ratings of novelty, relevance, and feasibility showed the models can produce useful ideas but still have limits.

Abstract · Can Large Language Models Unlock Novel Scientific Research Ideas?

The widespread adoption of Large Language Models (LLMs) and publicly available ChatGPT have marked a significant turning point in the integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) into people's everyday lives. This study examines the ability of Large Language Models (LLMs) to generate future research ideas from scientific papers. Unlike tasks such as summarization or translation, idea generation lacks a clearly defined reference set or structure, making manual evaluation the default standard. However, human evaluation in this setting is extremely challenging ie: it requires substantial domain expertise, contextual understanding of the paper, and awareness of the current research landscape. This makes it time-consuming, costly, and fundamentally non-scalable, particularly as new LLMs are being released at a rapid pace. Currently, there is no automated evaluation metric specifically designed for this task. To address this gap, we propose two automated evaluation metrics: Idea Alignment Score (IAScore) and Idea Distinctness Index. We further conducted human evaluation to assess the novelty, relevance, and feasibility of the generated future research ideas. This investigation offers insights into the evolving role of LLMs in idea generation, highlighting both its capability and limitations. Our work contributes to the ongoing efforts in evaluating and utilizing language models for generating future research ideas. We make our datasets and codes publicly available

Sandeep Kumar, Tirthankar Ghosal, Vinayak Goyal, Asif Ekbal
arXiv:2409.06185 · cs.CL, cs.AI, cs.CY, cs.HC, cs.LG · submitted Sep 10, 2024 · updated Oct 27, 2025
abstract · pdf · html · EMNLP 2025 (Main)

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