In plain words: Each word is stored as a two-part wave-like vector: one part holds the text's meaning, the other how that word fits in. A tiny single-layer version hit 91.66% accuracy on news classification, close to a much larger pre-trained model, using far less memory and time.
Abstract
We propose an innovative token representation and update method in a new ultra-small language model: the Wave network. Specifically, we use a complex vector to represent each token, encoding both global and local semantics of the input text. A complex vector consists of two components: a magnitude vector representing the global semantics of the input text, and a phase vector capturing the relationships between individual tokens and global semantics. Experiments on the AG News text classification task demonstrate that, when generating complex vectors from randomly initialized token embeddings, our single-layer Wave Network achieves 90.91% accuracy with wave interference and 91.66% with wave modulation - outperforming a single Transformer layer using BERT pre-trained embeddings by 19.23% and 19.98%, respectively, and approaching the accuracy of the pre-trained and fine-tuned BERT base model (94.64%). Additionally, compared to BERT base, the Wave Network reduces video memory usage and training time by 77.34% and 85.62% during wave modulation. In summary, we used a 2.4-million-parameter small language model to achieve accuracy comparable to a 100-million-parameter BERT model in text classification.
Xin Zhang, Victor S. Sheng
arXiv:2411.02674 · cs.CL, cs.AI · submitted Nov 4, 2024 · updated Nov 11, 2024
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Neat, but the question will be how the scaling laws hold up