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Too Long, Didn't Model (arxiv.org)
2 points by squirrel on Aug 20, 2025 | hide | past | pdf | discuss on HN

In plain words: Novels are used as a test of long-range understanding, quizzing models on plot, setting, and how much story time has passed instead of just spotting a hidden fact. None of seven top models stayed reliable past 64,000 tokens of text.

Abstract · Too Long, Didn't Model: Decomposing LLM Long-Context Understanding With Novels

Although the context length of large language models (LLMs) has increased to millions of tokens, evaluating their effectiveness beyond needle-in-a-haystack approaches has proven difficult. We argue that novels provide a case study of subtle, complicated structure and long-range semantic dependencies often over 128k tokens in length. Inspired by work on computational novel analysis, we release the Too Long, Didn't Model (TLDM) benchmark, which tests a model's ability to report plot summary, storyworld configuration, and elapsed narrative time. We find that none of seven tested frontier LLMs retain stable understanding beyond 64k tokens. Our results suggest language model developers must look beyond "lost in the middle" benchmarks when evaluating model performance in complex long-context scenarios. To aid in further development we release the TLDM benchmark together with reference code and data.

Sil Hamilton, Rebecca M. M. Hicke, Matthew Wilkens, David Mimno
arXiv:2505.14925 · cs.CL, cs.AI, cs.LG · submitted May 20, 2025
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