about
Agentic AI Home Energy Management System: Residential Load Scheduling (arxiv.org)
2 points by simonpure 336 days ago | hide | past | pdf | 2 comments on HN

In plain words: A home energy system where a language model coordinates everything, turning plain-language requests and calendar deadlines into schedules for several appliances at once. The largest model tested matched the cheapest possible plan in every scenario, while smaller ones only managed one appliance at a time.

Abstract · Agentic AI Home Energy Management System: A Large Language Model Framework for Residential Load Scheduling

The electricity sector transition requires substantial increases in residential demand response capacity, yet Home Energy Management Systems (HEMS) adoption remains limited by user interaction barriers requiring translation of everyday preferences into technical parameters. While large language models have been applied to energy systems as code generators and parameter extractors, no existing implementation deploys LLMs as autonomous coordinators managing the complete workflow from natural language input to multi-appliance scheduling. This paper presents an agentic AI HEMS where LLMs autonomously coordinate multi-appliance scheduling from natural language requests to device control, achieving optimal scheduling without example demonstrations. A hierarchical architecture combining one orchestrator with three specialist agents uses the ReAct pattern for iterative reasoning, enabling dynamic coordination without hardcoded workflows while integrating Google Calendar for context-aware deadline extraction. Evaluation across three open-source models using real Austrian day-ahead electricity prices reveals substantial capability differences. Llama-3.3-70B successfully coordinates all appliances across all scenarios to match cost-optimal benchmarks computed via mixed-integer linear programming, while other models achieve perfect single-appliance performance but struggle to coordinate all appliances simultaneously. Progressive prompt engineering experiments demonstrate that analytical query handling without explicit guidance remains unreliable despite models' general reasoning capabilities. We open-source the complete system including orchestration logic, agent prompts, tools, and web interfaces to enable reproducibility, extension, and future research.

Reda El Makroum, Sebastian Zwickl-Bernhard, Lukas Kranzl
arXiv:2510.26603 · cs.AI, cs.MA, eess.SY · submitted Oct 30, 2025
abstract · pdf · html · 34 pages, 9 figures. Code available at https://github.com/RedaElMakroum/agentic-ai-hems

add comment on HN

Is there yet a multi-source heat pump that knows the costs of each source?

That doesn't require an LLM.

Few (if any?) residential energy markets in the United States have intraday pricing. The EU requires intraday electricity pricing for membership FWIU.

Also it's not uncommon for the price of electricity to go below zero in markets with heavy subsidization to accelerate progress toward clean energy.

From "German power prices turn negative amid expansion in renewables" (2025) https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=42603130 :

> Given the intraday prices, are there sufficient incentives to stimulate creation of energy storage businesses to sell the excess electricity back a couple hours or days later?