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Lost in Context: Addressing Context Anxiety in Large Language Models (arxiv.org)
2 points by StatsAreFun 68 days ago | hide | past | pdf | discuss on HN

In plain words: Some AI models quit hard problems early not because they can't solve them, but because they misjudge how much writing the task needs and doubt themselves. Training them to keep going fixed this, so gains can come from better self-assessment, not bigger models.

Abstract

Conventional wisdom suggests that reasoning models fail when problems exceed their capabilities. However, we find that frontier reasoning models sometimes possess the necessary capabilities to solve problems but fail due to premature self-doubt -- a phenomenon informally known as context anxiety. We provide the first systematic study of context anxiety, demonstrating that it arises, in part, from a model's inability to accurately estimate the tokens required to complete a task. We also show that context anxiety leads to material efficiency losses when models operate under perceived constraints. Building on this analysis, we further show that models can learn alternative strategies for solving long-horizon problems without exhibiting context anxiety, suggesting that performance improvements may be achievable not through scaling model capabilities, but by improving models' ability to accurately assess and adapt to their own limitations.

Ifueko Igbinedion, Jillian Ross, Etienne Ricardez, Sertac Karaman, Eric So
arXiv:2607.21616 · cs.AI · submitted May 29, 2026
abstract · pdf · html · Accepted at ICML 2026. 17 pages

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