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Highway Networks (arxiv.org)
24 points by rndn on May 9, 2015 | hide | past | pdf | 2 comments on HN

In plain words: Each layer gets a learned gate that decides how much information passes straight through unchanged, so signals can travel across many layers without getting mangled. This lets networks hundreds of layers deep train with ordinary gradient descent, where the usual stacked layers become too hard to train.

Abstract

There is plenty of theoretical and empirical evidence that depth of neural networks is a crucial ingredient for their success. However, network training becomes more difficult with increasing depth and training of very deep networks remains an open problem. In this extended abstract, we introduce a new architecture designed to ease gradient-based training of very deep networks. We refer to networks with this architecture as highway networks, since they allow unimpeded information flow across several layers on "information highways". The architecture is characterized by the use of gating units which learn to regulate the flow of information through a network. Highway networks with hundreds of layers can be trained directly using stochastic gradient descent and with a variety of activation functions, opening up the possibility of studying extremely deep and efficient architectures.

Rupesh Kumar Srivastava, Klaus Greff, Jürgen Schmidhuber
arXiv:1505.00387 · cs.LG, cs.NE · submitted May 3, 2015 · updated Nov 3, 2015
abstract · pdf · html · 6 pages, 2 figures. Presented at ICML 2015 Deep Learning workshop. Full paper is at arXiv:1507.06228

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It sounds cool, but they don't show any performance benchmarks. (In an interesting demonstration of both how fast this field is moving and how it's limited in part by computational constraints, they do say they're working on one... but it's only trained partway as they were writing this up!)
This is similar to how the cortex routes information through the 6 cortical layers - a cortical column. (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cortical_column)